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CVE-2026-116871

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: high 緊急度: high

Semantic MediaWiki 3.0.0 before 7.3.1 contains an uncontrolled recursion vulnerability in LegacyParser::getSubqueryDescription() that processes nested query tokens before depth limits apply. Unauthenticated attackers can submit deeply nested query elements to the action=ask API to consume substantial CPU and memory, tying up request workers.

CVE-2026-116870

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: medium 緊急度: medium

In affected versions of Octopus Server, OIDC token issuer validation was performed inconsistently. This could result in a token issued from a suitably configured non legitimate issuer being accepted as a token belonging to a service account from a legitimate trusted issuer. Exploitation requires a service account with at least one OIDC identity configured. An attacker would also need to know or guess some details of that identity in order to be in a position to attempt exploitation.

CVE-2026-111548

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: medium 緊急度: medium

A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the web management interface of affected Moxa wireless device servers. An authenticated remote attacker with low privileges could exploit insufficient bounds checking of user-supplied input, causing the web management service to become unresponsive. Restoring the service requires power cycling the affected device, while other device functions remain operational.

CVE-2026-110737

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: medium 緊急度: medium

The push endpoint of a Vaadin application that uses server push reflects the request Origin into the Access-Control-Allow-Origin response header and allows credentials, because Flow configures Atmosphere with DROP_ACCESS_CONTROL_ALLOW_ORIGIN_HEADER set to false and its CorsInterceptor then echoes whatever Origin the request carries. A page on any origin can therefore make a cross origin request to that endpoint with the user's cookies and read the response, although reading anything useful also requires the push identifier of that session. Applications that do not use @Push are not affected, and neither is the WebSocket transport. The behaviour was introduced in January 2015 and is present in every Flow release and in Vaadin Framework from 7.1.0, which is when push was added. Users of affected versions should apply the following mitigation or upgrade. Releases that have fixed this issue include: Product version Vaadin 14.14.0 - 14.14.7 Vaadin 23.6.0 - 23.6.16 Vaadin 24.4.0 - 24.4.25 Vaadin 24.5.0 - 24.5.15 Vaadin 24.6.0 - 24.6.13 Vaadin 24.7.0 - 24.7.16 Vaadin 24.8.0 - 24.8.17 Vaadin 24.9.0 - 24.9.23 Vaadin 24.10.0 - 24.10.11 Vaadin 25.0.0 - 25.0.13 Vaadin 25.1.0 - 25.1.13 Vaadin 25.2.0 - 25.2.10 Vaadin 25.3.0 - 25.3.2 Vaadin Framework 7.1.0 - 7.7.54 Vaadin Framework 8.0.0 - 8.32.1 Mitigation Upgrade to 14.14.8 Upgrade to 23.6.17 Upgrade to 24.4.26 Upgrade to 24.7.17 Upgrade to 24.7.17 Upgrade to 24.7.17 Upgrade to 24.9.24 Upgrade to 24.9.24 Upgrade to 24.10.12 Upgrade to 25.2.11 Upgrade to 25.2.11 Upgrade to 25.2.11 Upgrade to 25.3.3 Upgrade to 7.7.55 Upgrade to 8.32.2 Please note that Vaadin versions 10-13 and 15-22 are no longer supported and you should update either to the latest 14, 23, 24, 25 version. Artifacts under com.vaadin Maven coordinates / Vulnerable versions / Fixed version vaadin / 14.14.0 - 14.14.7 / >=14.14.8 vaadin / 23.6.0 - 23.6.16 / >=23.6.17 vaadin / 24.4.0 - 24.4.25 / >=24.4.26 vaadin / 24.5.0 - 24.5.15 / >=24.7.17 vaadin / 24.6.0 - 24.6.13 / >=24.7.17 vaadin / 24.7.0 - 24.7.16 / >=24.7.17 vaadin / 24.8.0 - 24.8.17 / >=24.9.24 vaadin / 24.9.0 - 24.9.23 / >=24.9.24 vaadin / 24.10.0 - 24.10.11 / >=24.10.12 vaadin / 25.0.0 - 25.0.13 / >=25.2.11 vaadin / 25.1.0 - 25.1.13 / >=25.2.11 vaadin / 25.2.0 - 25.2.10 / >=25.2.11 vaadin / 25.3.0 - 25.3.2 / >=25.3.3 vaadin-core / 14.14.0 - 14.14.7 / >=14.14.8 vaadin-core / 23.6.0 - 23.6.16 / >=23.6.17 vaadin-core / 24.4.0 - 24.4.25 / >=24.4.26 vaadin-core / 24.5.0 - 24.5.15 / >=24.7.17 vaadin-core / 24.6.0 - 24.6.13 / >=24.7.17 vaadin-core / 24.7.0 - 24.7.16 / >=24.7.17 vaadin-core / 24.8.0 - 24.8.17 / >=24.9.24 vaadin-core / 24.9.0 - 24.9.23 / >=24.9.24 vaadin-core / 24.10.0 - 24.10.11 / >=24.10.12 vaadin-core / 25.0.0 - 25.0.13 / >=25.2.11 vaadin-core / 25.1.0 - 25.1.13 / >=25.2.11 vaadin-core / 25.2.0 - 25.2.10 / >=25.2.11 vaadin-core / 25.3.0 - 25.3.2 / >=25.3.3 flow-server / 2.13.0 - 2.13.7 / >=2.13.8 flow-server / 23.6.0 - 23.6.15 / >=23.6.16 flow-server / 24.4.0 - 24.4.18 / >=24.4.19 flow-server / 24.5.0 - 24.5.17 / >=24.7.17 flow-server / 24.6.0 - 24.6.14 / >=24.7.17 flow-server / 24.7.0 - 24.7.15 / >=24.7.16 flow-server / 24.8.0 - 24.8.16 / >=24.9.24 flow-server / 24.9.0 - 24.9.28 / >=24.9.29 flow-server / 24.10.0 - 24.10.14 / >=24.10.15 flow-server / 25.0.0 - 25.0.15 / >=25.2.11 flow-server / 25.1.0 - 25.1.18 / >=25.1.19 flow-server / 25.2.0 - 25.2.12 / >=25.2.13 flow-server / 25.3.0 - 25.3.3 / >=25.3.4 vaadin-server / 7.1.0 - 7.7.54 / >=7.7.55 vaadin-server / 8.0.0 - 8.32.1 / >=8.32.2 vaadin-server-mpr-jakarta / 7.7.36 - 7.7.54 / >=7.7.55 vaadin-server-mpr-jakarta / 8.18.0 - 8.32.1 / >=8.32.2

CVE-2026-86577

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: high 緊急度: high

Out-of-bounds Write Vulnerability in JP1 Products. This issue affects JP1/Integrated Management 3 - Manager: from 13-00 before 13-50-31; JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3 - Manager: from 13-00 before 13-50-31; JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3 - Agent: from 13-00 before 13-50-31; JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3 - Agent Minimal Edition: from 13-00 before 13-50-31; JP1/Base: from 11-00 before 12-50-54.

CVE-2026-86576

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: high 緊急度: high

Heap-based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in JP1 Products. This issue affects JP1/Integrated Management 3 - Manager: from 13-00 before 13-50-31; JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3 - Manager: from 13-00 before 13-50-31; JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3 - Agent: from 13-00 before 13-50-31; JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3 - Agent Minimal Edition: from 13-00 before 13-50-31; JP1/Base: from 11-00 before 12-50-54.

CVE-2026-86575

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: high 緊急度: high

Stack-based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in JP1 Products. This issue affects JP1/Integrated Management 3 - Manager: from 13-00 before 13-50-31; JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3 - Manager: from 13-00 before 13-50-31; JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3 - Agent: from 13-00 before 13-50-31; JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3 - Agent Minimal Edition: from 13-00 before 13-50-31; JP1/Base: from 11-00 before 12-50-54.

CVE-2026-86574

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: high 緊急度: high

Heap-based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in JP1/Base. This issue affects JP1/Base: from 11-00 before 12-50-54.

CVE-2026-85299

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: medium 緊急度: medium

A Missing Authorization vulnerability in the disks.createSnapshot and regionDisks.createSnapshot APIs in Google Compute Engine versions prior to 2026-08-31 on Google Cloud Platform allows an authenticated attacker to exfiltrate cross-project disk data. This vulnerability was patched on 31 August 2026, and no customer action is needed.

CVE-2026-82122

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: high 緊急度: high

Stack-based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in HiRDB. This issue affects HiRDB Server Version 10: from 10-00 before 10-12-01; HiRDB Server Version 9: from 09-00 through 09-66-22; HiRDB Server with Additional Function Version 9: from 09-00 through 09-66/V; HiRDB Server Version 9(32): from 09-02 through 09-66-22; HiRDB Server with Additional Function Version 9(32): from 09-00 through 09-66-/V.

CVE-2026-82121

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: high 緊急度: high

Origin Validation Error Vulnerability in HiRDB. This issue affects HiRDB Server Version 10: from 10-00 before 10-12-01; HiRDB Server Version 9: from 09-00 through 09-66-22; HiRDB Server with Additional Function Version 9: from 09-00 through 09-66/V; HiRDB Server Version 9(32): from 09-02 through 09-66-22; HiRDB Server with Additional Function Version 9(32): from 09-00 through 09-66-/V.

CVE-2026-82120

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: high 緊急度: high

Heap-based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in HiRDB. This issue affects HiRDB Server Version 10: from 10-00 before 10-12-01; HiRDB Server Version 9: from 09-00 through 09-66-22; HiRDB Server with Additional Function Version 9: from 09-00 through 09-66/V; HiRDB Server Version 9(32): from 09-02 through 09-66-22; HiRDB Server with Additional Function Version 9(32): from 09-00 through 09-66-/V.

CVE-2026-82119

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: high 緊急度: high

OS Command Injection Vulnerability in HiRDB. This issue affects HiRDB Server Version 10: from 10-00 before 10-12-01; HiRDB Server Version 9: from 09-00 through 09-66-22; HiRDB Server with Additional Function Version 9: from 09-00 through 09-66/V; HiRDB Server Version 9(32): from 09-02 through 09-66-22; HiRDB Server with Additional Function Version 9(32): from 09-00 through 09-66-/V.

CVE-2026-82118

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: high 緊急度: high

Stack-based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in HiRDB. This issue affects HiRDB Server Version 10: from 10-00 before 10-12-01; HiRDB Server Version 9: from 09-00 through 09-66-22; HiRDB Server with Additional Function Version 9: from 09-00 through 09-66/V; HiRDB Server Version 9(32): from 09-02 through 09-66-22; HiRDB Server with Additional Function Version 9(32): from 09-00 through 09-66-/V.

CVE-2026-82117

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: high 緊急度: high

Authentication Bypass by Spoofing Vulnerability in HiRDB. This issue affects HiRDB Server Version 10: from 10-00 before 10-12-01; HiRDB Server Version 9: from 09-00 through 09-66-22; HiRDB Server with Additional Function Version 9: from 09-00 through 09-66/V; HiRDB Server Version 9(32): from 09-02 through 09-66-22; HiRDB Server with Additional Function Version 9(32): from 09-00 through 09-66-/V.

CVE-2026-82116

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: high 緊急度: high

Missing Authentication for Critical Function Vulnerability in HiRDB. This issue affects HiRDB Server Version 10: from 10-00 before 10-12-01; HiRDB Server Version 9: from 09-00 through 09-66-22; HiRDB Server with Additional Function Version 9: from 09-00 through 09-66/V; HiRDB Server Version 9(32): from 09-02 through 09-66-22; HiRDB Server with Additional Function Version 9(32): from 09-00 through 09-66-/V.

CVE-2026-76939

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: high 緊急度: high

Heap-based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3. This issue affects JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3 - Manager: from 11-00 before 13-50-31; JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3 - Agent: from 11-00 before 13-50-31.

CVE-2026-76938

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: high 緊急度: high

Authentication Bypass Vulnerability in JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3. This issue affects JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3 - Manager: from 10-00 before 13-50-31.

CVE-2026-76937

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: high 緊急度: high

Heap-based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3. This issue affects JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3 - Manager: from 10-00 before 13-50-31.

CVE-2026-76936

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: high 緊急度: high

Stack-based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3. This issue affects JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3 - Manager: from 10-00 before 13-50-31.

CVE-2026-76935

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: high 緊急度: high

Stack-based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3. This issue affects JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3 - Manager: from 10-00 before 13-50-31.

CVE-2026-76934

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: high 緊急度: high

Stack-based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3. This issue affects JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3 - Manager: from 11-00 before 13-50-31; JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3 - Agent: from 11-00 before 13-50-31.

CVE-2026-76933

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: high 緊急度: high

Heap-based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3. This issue affects JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3 - Manager: from 11-00 before 13-50-31; JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3 - Agent: from 11-00 before 13-50-31.

CVE-2026-76932

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: high 緊急度: high

Stack-based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability in JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3. This issue affects JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3 - Manager: from 11-00 before 13-50-31; JP1/Automatic Job Management System 3 - Agent: from 11-00 before 13-50-31.

CVE-2026-117494

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: medium 緊急度: medium

Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) in the processing of SVG images submitted to the /api/v2/ai/sessions API in the format data:image/svg+xml;base64. Script tags embedded in the SVG are processed when the content is rendered in the assistant window, allowing JavaScript to be executed and the displayed content to be altered.

CVE-2026-117493

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: medium 緊急度: medium

Stored cross-site scripting (XSS) in BloX widgets. The /api/dashboards/<id>/widgets/<id> API accepts HTML and JavaScript content in the ‘desc’ and ‘text’ parameters. The code entered is executed in the browser when the widget is rendered, which could compromise the confidentiality of the information accessible in that context.

CVE-2026-107147

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: medium 緊急度: medium

The twofactor_gauthenticator plugin for Roundcube is vulnerable to 2fa authentication bypass by spoofed client address headers. Due to the lack of validation of the Client-IP and X-Forwarded-For headers, an attacker who obtains user's password can spoof a whitelisted IP address, resulting in the second factor being bypassed. This issue was fixed in commit 4640889.

CVE-2026-107146

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: medium 緊急度: medium

The twofactor_gauthenticator plugin for Roundcube is vulnerable to session persistence after failed 2FA verification. Due to the lack of server-side session destruction, an attacker can ignore the logout redirect and keep the session alive. This may allow an attacker who obtains user's password to e.g. brute force the second-factor code. This issue was fixed in commit 4640889.

CVE-2026-107145

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: medium 緊急度: medium

The twofactor_gauthenticator plugin for Roundcube is vulnerable to brute-forcing of the second-factor code. Due to the lack of rate limiting, an attacker who obtains user's password can submit arbitrary 6-digit codes, resulting in second-factor bypass and unauthorized access to the system. This issue was fixed in commit 4640889.

CVE-2026-102789

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: medium 緊急度: medium

Joomla Extension - balbooa.com - Missing Authorization Check on Editor Controller Task in Gridbox < 2.20.4.2 - EditorController::getBlogPosts() reads the order parameter and invokes getBlogPosts() . Unlike other tasks in this controller, it omits the GridboxHelper::checkUserEditLevel() check.

CVE-2026-102788

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: medium 緊急度: medium

Joomla Extension - balbooa.com - Unauthenticated SQL injection in Gridbox < 2.20.4.2 - On store product list pages, the value of the sort-by URL parameter is retrieved using a string filter and passed directly to GridboxHelper::getBlogPosts(). When the parameter does not match known sorting keys, it is prefixed with a table alias and inserted into the ORDER BY clause without checking against an allowlist

CVE-2026-102787

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: medium 緊急度: medium

Joomla Extension - phoca.cz - CSRF in category management in Phoca Download 3.1.0 - 6.1.5

CVE-2026-92885

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: high 緊急度: high

The Qode Membership plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Authentication Bypass leading to Account Takeover in all versions up to, and including, 2.0.6.2 via the qode_membership_check_facebook_user AJAX action. This is due to a typographic error in the Facebook OAuth token verification guard within the qode_membership_login_user_from_social_network function — the guard condition tests an undefined variable ($check_social_useqoder instead of $check_social_user), causing empty() to always return true and rendering the Graph API token verification branch dead code, leaving wp_set_auth_cookie() reachable with no credential or token validation whatsoever. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to log in as any existing WordPress account — including Administrator-level accounts — by supplying a known or enumerated administrator login name (rather than an email address) in the response[email] parameter, which the fallback path in get_user_by('login', $email) resolves to the matching account. Exploitation does require harvesting a valid qode_validate_facebook_login nonce, but this nonce is rendered on any public front-end page containing the [qode_user_login] or [qode_user_register] shortcode and is therefore obtainable without any prior authentication.

CVE-2026-65213

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: medium 緊急度: medium

This issue may allow an IPMI authenticated administrator to execute commands as the operating system root user on the BMC

CVE-2026-65211

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: high 緊急度: high

This issue may allow an authenticated IPMI Administrator to read and write arbitrary BMC physical memory and thereby execute code on the BMC operating system.

CVE-2026-65220

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: high 緊急度: high

A logic flaw in the BMC IPMI implementation may allow an attacker to send specially crafted RAKP+ messages and escalate an account to administrator privileges.

CVE-2026-65219

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: high 緊急度: high

A flaw in the BMC RAKP+ implementation may allow an attacker to send a request followed by a specially crafted RAKP message and establish an RMCP+ session, which could then be used to execute commands.

CVE-2026-65210

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: medium 緊急度: medium

This issue may allow an authenticated IPMI Administrator to read arbitrary files from the BMC filesystem, disclosing material well beyond the intended IPMI management role.

CVE-2026-18451

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: medium 緊急度: medium

The HTML5 KVM-over-IP console authenticates with a token returned by the web interface. Weaknesses in token generation may allow an attacker to guess the session token and take control of the KVM session.

CVE-2026-18450

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: high 緊急度: high

The BMC does not correctly enforce integrity and encryption requirements for IPMI commands. An attacker may be able to craft packets that execute arbitrary commands on an active session.

CVE-2026-18449

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: high 緊急度: high

The BMC does not correctly enforce integrity and encryption requirements for IPMI commands. An attacker may be able to craft packets that execute arbitrary commands on an active session.

CVE-2026-16521

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: high 緊急度: high

An OS command injection vulnerability exists because of insufficient input filtering. An attacker can inject a command payload into a BMC function; the payload may execute when the related service is restarted.

CVE-2026-111461

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: medium 緊急度: medium

An OS command injection vulnerability exists in OnCell G3150A-LTE Series. When the SMS management functionality is enabled and configured, a remote attacker with the required privileges could exploit insufficient input validation in the SMS management functionality to execute arbitrary commands on the affected device.

CVE-2026-111460

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: medium 緊急度: medium

A hard-coded cryptographic key vulnerability exists in the OnCell G3150A-LTE Series. Under certain conditions, an unauthenticated remote attacker could obtain shared cryptographic key material and use it to impersonate affected devices that have not regenerated their cryptographic keys, potentially compromising the confidentiality and integrity of management communications.

CVE-2026-111459

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: medium 緊急度: medium

An improper certificate validation vulnerability exists in Moxa Remote Connect Suite (MRC Client). Under certain conditions, an unauthenticated attacker with on-path access to the communication between the MRC Client and its server could impersonate a trusted server and conduct a man-in-the-middle attack, potentially compromising the confidentiality and integrity of communications.

CVE-2026-10511

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: medium 緊急度: medium

The Jupiter X Core plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via the 'forget_password_link' parameter in all versions up to, and including, 4.61.0 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with contributor-level access and above, to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page.

CVE-2026-107472

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: medium 緊急度: medium

An out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the QTextCodec TSCII encoding of the Qt 5 Compatibility APIs module (Qt Core in Qt 5 and earlier) impacts Qt. Applications that convert text to the TSCII encoding through QTextCodec may read memory outside the input buffer, which can cause the application to crash or misinterpret the data.

CVE-2026-101034

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: medium 緊急度: medium

An attacker who obtained the hardcoded key could decrypt domain/service account passwords, task run-as credentials, and sysprep passwords stored in or transmitted by GSS Deployment Server installation.

CVE-2026-75891

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: high 緊急度: high

The Kirki plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Privilege Escalation via PHP Object Injection in all versions up to, and including, 6.2.5 via deserialization of untrusted input through the 'get-single-symbol' branch of the kirki_post_apis() AJAX dispatcher due to a missing capability check. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to inject a PHP Object. The additional presence of a POP chain allows attackers to overwrite an administrator's password and gain administrative access.

CVE-2026-110910

Threat Intelligence NVD CVE 危険度: medium 緊急度: medium

### Summary `qs.stringify` with `allowEmptyArrays: true` writes the key of an empty array without encoding it, even though keys are encoded by default. A key that contains `&` (or the configured `delimiter`), `=`, or `#` therefore becomes query string syntax instead of data, so a caller-supplied key name can add parameters to the serialized query string, or cut it short. ### Details In `lib/stringify.js`, the `allowEmptyArrays` branch returns `adjustedPrefix + '[]'` early, before the code that passes every other key through `encoder` and `formatter`. So `{ "x&k=v": ["1"] }` serializes as `x%26k%3Dv%5B0%5D=1`, but `{ "x&k=v": [] }` serializes as `x&k=v[]`. The early return applies at any depth (`{ "a": { "b&k=v": [] } }` gives `a[b&k=v][]`), under every `arrayFormat`, with `allowDots`, and with a custom `encoder`, which is never called for that key. With `encode: false` or `encodeValuesOnly: true`, keys are intentionally left unencoded on every path; those configurations are not affected. #### PoC ```js var qs = require("qs"); var query = qs.stringify({ q: "hi", "x&apiKey=evil&y": [] }, { allowEmptyArrays: true }); // "q=hi&x&apiKey=evil&y[]" qs.parse(query); // { q: "hi", x: "", apiKey: "evil", y: [""] } qs.stringify({ "x#": [], z: "1" }, { allowEmptyArrays: true }); // "x#[]&z=1": in a URL, everything after "#" becomes the fragment ``` #### Fix Applied in 234d505 on `main` and released as v6.17.0, and backported to v6.16.2, v6.15.4, v6.14.3, v6.13.4, and v6.12.6: the key of an empty array goes through `encoder` and `formatter` exactly as the key of any other value does, so `{ "x&apiKey=evil&y": [] }` now serializes as `x%26apiKey%3Devil%26y[]`. Keys that need no encoding serialize as before, with two exceptions that match every other path: the brackets of a nested key are now encoded (`a[b][]` becomes `a%5Bb%5D[]`, which `qs.parse` reads identically), and with `encodeDotInKeys`, a dot in the key becomes `%252E` instead of `%2E` (which `decodeDotInKeys` previously misread as nesting). ### Affected versions - `>=6.12.0 <6.12.6`, fixed in v6.12.6 - `>=6.13.0 <6.13.4`, fixed in v6.13.4 - `>=6.14.0 <6.14.3`, fixed in v6.14.3 - `>=6.15.0 <6.15.4`, fixed in v6.15.4 - `>=6.16.0 <6.16.2`, fixed in v6.16.2 v6.17.0 and later are not affected. `allowEmptyArrays` was introduced in f22b2bc and first shipped in v6.12.0, with this early return. Earlier versions have no `allowEmptyArrays` option and are not affected. ### Impact An application that passes an object whose key names come from untrusted input to `qs.stringify` with `allowEmptyArrays: true` (for example, to forward a parsed JSON body or user-selected fields to an upstream service) can have parameters injected into the resulting query string. The injected parameters are not keys of the object, so deleting or overwriting a key on the object (such as setting a trusted `apiKey` after copying the user's fields) does not remove them; whether the attacker's value or the application's wins depends on how the receiving side handles a duplicate parameter. A `#` in such a key ends the query string early when the result is placed in a URL. `allowEmptyArrays` is off by default, and only keys whose value (after any `filter`) is an empty array are affected.